How Technology is Challenging Traditional Leadership
04/05/2022
(This article originally appeared in Global Focus, EFMD’s Business Magazine, and has been republished on this website with the permission of EFMD.)
Experiences with virtual meetings
One of the biggest challenges for leaders during the pandemic has been adapting to virtual meetings. In the past, it’s been the person with the loudest voice in the room or the one who gets to interrupt first, who usually has the most influence.
Now it’s more likely to be the person with the best microphone, fastest broadband or good lighting who gets to influence others. On screen, leaders can’t rely on the trappings of status any more. They can’t call people into their big office and intimidate people. Microsoft Teams or Zoom is a more level playing field.
When technology doesn’t work, the first inclination for leaders is to revert back to face-to-face meetings instead of fixing the technology problem. Yet, while virtual meetings seem to work when run well, and face-to-face meetings arguably also work, but mix the two and it’s difficult to get the balance right. The remote participants are likely to be at a disadvantage and if they are travelling, and on a mobile link it’s even worse.
Leaders are used to being able to get people together to achieve results and this means their calendars are stacked up with meetings. Many of these are badly run and there has been little education on how to organise and facilitate meetings.
Some leaders have developed skills in setting up, coordinating and running physical meetings but they need to ask themselves some questions given the current circumstances: How do I react to these changed conditions? What is my responsibility? How am I going to delegate? Can we achieve this goal without having a meeting?
In adopting remote meeting technology we have tried to replicate sitting around a table in a virtual meeting instead of designing the experience from scratch.
Maybe many meetings can be distributed in time as well as space. Can apps such as WhatsApp or Slack be used for decision making?
Good leaders have mastered the art of running virtual meetings and keeping the flow going by stopping people all trying to talk at the same time. Until recently, leaders could get away with poor meeting skills. Now they need the skillset to know which tool to use in these new circumstances. But who in the organisation worries about this?
IT is concerned with technology, HR thinks about the people but nobody is thinking about how decisions are made. Things fall between the cracks because nobody other than the CEO is responsible for the way technology impacts culture. In corporate settings, technology is all about efficiency, cost savings, measuring and gathering data. Compare this with the world of entertainment where it’s about involvement, drawing people in and getting emotional buy-in. When business processes are designed the technology is not seen as a tool for engagement of employees, it’s seen as a way of automating human activities.
Managing culture and change
The digital transformation agenda for any company should be with the CEO. He or she should be concerned about managing the culture of the company, and digital technology plays an important part in this.
It’s not just all about the speed of production, it’s also about the quality of work life. The games industry has developed techniques for making activities enjoyable even to the point of being addictive. Some of these design features should be included in work activities to make them enjoyable as well as efficient.
Leaders in the past have been good at running a business and have also had to make changes as an extra activity. Typically they’ve spent 80-90 percent of their time on the current tasks and the rest on managing change. Change has been seen as an extra burden that nobody liked.
Now the priorities have altered. More and more leaders are spending most of their time changing business, not just running it. This requires a different set of skills. Leaders have to understand that change is constant and that they have the power to make it into something positive.
Digital technology is a tool that amplifies what you want to achieve. It is there for the CEO to use to inspire people and excite them. It should create enthusiasm amongst employees and inspire them to follow the leader.
It should be seen by leaders as a force for good and an aid to bringing in positive change. Running the business is not their priority any more, they are there to make a change.
Digital leadership
Leaders need to be able to review all the new technologies, such as blockchain, and form an opinion on what is relevant to their company and what makes sense for them to adopt. They need to be familiar with the case studies that drove value for other businesses. Maybe they should be spending some time with the Artificial Intelligence start-up that has a cool piece of software that everybody is writing about.
Once leaders have seen what technologies are available and the opportunities they create, they can find the ones that are interesting and potentially useful. They can then formulate their personal foresight for the digital future of the business, and because it’s something they believe, they will be able to communicate it effectively.
Leaders need to be able to provide clear direction on digital technology, but they don’t need to be technical experts. They have to know enough to be able to ask the right questions.
Traditionally, when the world was changing at a manageable pace, the leader had all the answers. Now they are uncomfortable because they don’t have detailed knowledge of the digital world. The solution is for leaders to admit they don’t know everything but instead to be a critical mind and ask the right questions.
The inquisitive leader
The self-worth of a leader is now coming from a different place. It no longer can be justified through their knowledge, it must be justified through the questions they ask. A good leader is the person who is most inquisitive, which is a different set of qualities from those of the hero leader of the past. Experience is still useful, but when someone thinks they have nothing new to learn, that’s a problem. Leadership is about working out which questions to ask, so you don’t just end up solving the wrong problems really well.
Think like an entrepreneur
The COVID-19 pandemic has made people step back from assumptions about how we get work done. Before this crisis, we assumed that the old way of doing things was the only way. Now the world of work is very different, are we using people in very different ways to get things done?
Leaders need to escape from conventional thinking and look at how their organisation works. They need to ask “What are we trying to do and how do we achieve it?”, rather than, “Here’s how we do things.” What’s needed is entrepreneurial thinking and being prepared to change in-built assumptions.
Leaders need to accept that they have assumptions and test them. For example, they may assume that people get more done when they are in a group. But they should find a way of testing ideas out and be prepared to change their assumptions.
They should look at the way meetings are held to see if they are good ways of making decisions. Maybe there are technology tools that are more effective.
Everyone has assumptions, biases, lenses and life experiences. Leaders are no exception. What you see depends on who you are. Digital technology is a powerful tool that can reinforce biases, as is evident from social media where selective information is fed to people depending on their preferences.
If that moves into the corporate environment, decision processes are influenced by algorithms repeating old decisions. Human ingenuity recognises that there is a digital filter bubble and it becomes a problem if leaders don’t recognise it. They need to ensure they are getting a balanced information diet.
IT as a strategic tool
Leaders need to keep learning and build up know-how in the role of technology in organisations. They need to understand that technology can reinforce existing structures and amplify unconscious bias, and can therefore work against change.
People who all think the same are rewarded while the rebels, who dare to challenge the status quo, get thrown out. Existing systems get automated and become rigid. Big data can be used to reinforce impersonal decisions without thinking through what impact it will have on individuals.
To succeed in the digital age, leaders need to view information technology as a strategic tool for attracting and retaining key staff, rather than only seeing it as a way of driving efficiency and saving money. It’s a way of keeping people engaged and making work fun.
Technology should be taking the routine work away from individuals, releasing them to use their creative human skills which cannot easily be replaced by a machine.
This is an adapted version of an article that was published on EFMD’s website, written by Cliff Dennett and Sunnie Groeneveld; both Partners at the FutureWork Forum.
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